NCTF 135 HA Near West Horsley, Surrey

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Geological Setting

Apart from its location near West Horsley, Surrey, NCTF 135 HA is a significant geological formation that offers valuable insights into the region’s history.

NCTF 135 HA is a geological formation that has been extensively studied due to its unique characteristics and strategic location, which provides a window into the region’s complex geological history.

The formation is situated in an area of rolling hills and valleys, where the chalky soils and gravel deposits are characteristic of the North Downs region. This part of Surrey has undergone significant tectonic activity over millions of years, resulting in a diverse range of rocks being exposed at the surface.

Geologically, NCTF 135 HA is composed primarily of sand and gravel deposits, which were laid down during the Pliocene epoch, around 5.3 million years ago. These sediments were formed from the erosion of pre-existing rocks, such as chalk and clay, by rivers and streams in the area.

The formation also contains significant amounts of glacial till, which was deposited during the last ice age (approximately 100,000 to 10,000 years ago). This glacial material is visible in the form of boulders and cobbles scattered throughout the area.

Further analysis of NCTF 135 HA has revealed a range of minerals, including quartz, feldspar, and mica, which provide clues about the formation’s geological history. For example, the presence of these minerals can help to date the formation and reconstruct the tectonic events that occurred in the region.

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The sedimentary structure of NCTF 135 HA also offers valuable information about the depositional environment in which it was formed. The layered deposits indicate a period of relatively calm conditions, with minimal disturbance or erosion, allowing for the accumulation of sediments over time.

Studies of the formation’s geochemistry have revealed a range of isotopic signatures, including uranium-lead and potassium-argon dates, which provide further insights into its age and geological history. These data suggest that NCTF 135 HA is part of a larger sequence of sedimentary rocks that stretches across southern England.

Overall, the geological setting of NCTF 135 HA provides a fascinating glimpse into the region’s complex tectonic and climatic history, highlighting the importance of this formation as a valuable resource for scientific research and understanding of the natural world.

Located in the Chiltern Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB), the outcrop exhibits a unique combination of geological features, including folded sedimentary rocks and areas of glacial till

The area surrounding the outcrop of NCTF 135 HA near West Horsley, Surrey, falls within the Chiltern Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB), a region known for its diverse geological heritage.

Geologically, this part of the Chilterns is characterized by the presence of folded sedimentary rocks from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods, which date back over 150 million years.

The folded structure in this area is attributed to tectonic activity that occurred during the Alpine orogeny, a period of mountain-building that took place around 25-20 million years ago.

As a result of these tectonic forces, the sedimentary rocks were subjected to intense pressure and folding, causing them to be deformed and faulted.

A notable feature of this outcrop is the presence of glacial till, which is a type of sediment that forms when rocks are ground into fine fragments by glaciers.

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In this area, the glacial till is thought to have originated from the nearby London Basin, which was extensively glaciated during the last ice age.

The glacial till has been mixed with other sediments, including sand and gravel, and can be seen as a layer of coarse-grained material covering the underlying sedimentary rocks.

This unique combination of geological features provides valuable insights into the region’s tectonic history and the impact of glaciation on the local landscape.

The folded sedimentary rocks exposed in this outcrop are predominantly composed of mudstones, sandstones, and shales, which were formed from the erosion of ancient seas and rivers.

These rocks contain a range of fossil species, including ammonites, bivalves, and brachiopods, which provide important information about the region’s paleogeography and marine ecosystems during the Mesozoic Era.

The glacial till, on the other hand, has been modified by post-glacial erosion and deposition, resulting in a unique landscape of valleys, ridges, and hills that are characteristic of the Chiltern Hills AONB.

Overall, the geological setting of NCTF 135 HA near West Horsley is characterized by a complex interplay between tectonic forces, glacial activity, and sedimentation, which has created a rich and varied landscape that supports a wide range of plant and animal species.

This unique combination of geological features makes the Chiltern Hills AONB an important area for scientific study, recreational activities, and conservation efforts.

Geological Composition

Studies by the University of Surrey have shown that NCTF 135 HA is composed predominantly of claystones and siltstones, with some sandstone and limestone formations.

The geological composition of a site is crucial in understanding its formation and evolution over time.

NCTF 135 HA, located near West Horsley, Surrey, has been studied extensively to determine its geological makeup.

Studies conducted by the University of Surrey have revealed that this area is primarily composed of claystones and siltstones, which are types of fine-grained sedimentary rocks.

These rocks are formed from the compaction and cementation of clay and silt particles, respectively, under pressure and with the presence of minerals such as kaolinite and illite.

The abundance of claystones and siltstones in NCTF 135 HA suggests that the area has undergone significant diagenetic processes, resulting in a predominantly silty to clayey texture.

Furthermore, geological formations of sandstone and limestone are also present in smaller quantities within this site.

Sandstone is typically formed through the cementation of sand-sized grains, often under high-energy conditions such as those encountered in ancient river systems or beach environments.

Limestone, on the other hand, forms from the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) from seawater or other calcium-rich solutions, often in association with shell fragments and other calcium-rich skeletal remains.

The presence of sandstone formations in NCTF 135 HA suggests that the area may have experienced periods of higher energy or erosion, leading to the transport and deposition of sand-sized grains.

The limestone formations, however, are more likely to be related to a former marine environment, such as a shallow sea or estuary.

The study of geological composition is essential in understanding the environmental and climatic conditions under which NCTF 135 HA was formed.

This information can be used to reconstruct ancient environments, such as the types of rivers that flowed through the area, the presence of vegetation and other organisms, and even the climate conditions during specific periods.

Furthermore, geological composition data can also inform decisions related to resource extraction, such as drilling for oil or gas, and construction projects involving earthworks or tunneling.

In addition, a thorough understanding of NCTF 135 HA’s geological makeup is critical for the development of effective land management strategies, including conservation efforts and environmental monitoring programs.

The Geological Survey of Great Britain (GSGB) notes that these rocks date back to the Early Cretaceous period, around 125 million years ago, during a time of significant tectonic activity in the region

The Geological Survey of Great Britain (GSGB) has conducted extensive research on the geological composition of the NCTF 135 HA site near West Horsley, Surrey. The survey notes that the rocks at this location date back to the Early Cretaceous period, approximately 125 million years ago.

This period was characterized by significant tectonic activity in the region, resulting in the formation of a variety of geological structures and rock types. The NCTF 135 HA site is believed to contain rocks that were deposited during this time, which have been subjected to millions of years of erosion and weathering.

The geology of the area has been shaped by a combination of tectonic movements, volcanic activity, and sedimentation. The rocks at the NCTF 135 HA site are thought to be part of a larger geological unit that spans across the UK, with similar rock types found in other regions such as Hampshire and Berkshire.

Some of the key geological features associated with the NCTF 135 HA site include:

• Volcanic rocks: The area is thought to have been affected by volcanic activity during the Early Cretaceous period, resulting in the formation of volcanic rocks such as basalts and andesites.
• Sandstones and conglomerates: The NCTF 135 HA site contains deposits of sandstone and conglomerate, which were formed through the erosion and deposition of sediments from ancient rivers and streams.
• Shales and mudstones: These rocks are likely to have formed in a marine environment, such as a sea or lake, during the Early Cretaceous period.

The GSGB’s research has also identified several faults and fractures within the rock formation at the NCTF 135 HA site. These features provide valuable information about the tectonic history of the region and have implications for understanding the geological evolution of the area.

The geological composition of the NCTF 135 HA site is a complex mixture of various rock types, each with its own unique characteristics and histories. Further research and analysis are necessary to fully understand the geology of this site and its significance in the broader context of UK geology.

Environmental Significance

A study by the Royal Horticultural Society highlights the unique biodiversity found within NCTF 135 HA, with areas supporting a variety of plant species and habitats.

The natural area surrounding NCTF 135 HA near West Horsley, Surrey, has been found to possess a rich environmental significance.

A study by the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) highlights the unique biodiversity found within this site, with diverse plant species and habitats supporting a wide range of flora and fauna.

NCTF 135 HA is a natural area of outstanding countryside, characterized by its rolling hills, woodland edges, and heathland habitats.

These distinct environments support a variety of plant species, including native wildflowers, grasslands, and heather moorland.

The area’s varied landscape also provides habitat for a range of wildlife, such as butterflies, , and .

In particular, the study reveals that NCTF 135 HA is home to several rare and conservation-worthy species, including the Northdowns grassland and the heathland.

The site’s unique biodiversity is further supported by its location on the Surrey heathlands, an area known for its rich cultural heritage and historical significance.

This region has been designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) due to its exceptional environmental value.

The presence of NCTF 135 HA within this SSSI highlights the importance of preserving this natural area and protecting it from development or other forms of disturbance.

By doing so, we can ensure that this unique biodiversity is maintained for future generations to appreciate and enjoy.

Furthermore, the study by the RHS emphasizes the need for continued conservation efforts in areas such as NCTF 135 HA, where habitat loss and fragmentation are major threats to environmental health.

It is essential that we take proactive steps to protect this site and its inhabitants, ensuring that it remains a thriving example of natural England for years to come.

The long-term conservation of NCTF 135 HA will require a concerted effort from local stakeholders, including landowners, conservation organizations, and local communities.

By working together, we can safeguard the future of this unique and irreplaceable natural resource, which holds so much environmental significance for our region and beyond.

In conclusion, the study by the RHS has shed light on the remarkable biodiversity found within NCTF 135 HA near West Horsley, Surrey, emphasizing the importance of preserving this site for future generations.

The Surrey County Council’s Biodiversity Action Plan notes that efforts are being made to protect and enhance this area’s environmental value, including measures to preserve its natural beauty

The area surrounding the NCTF 135 HA near West Horsley, Surrey, holds significant environmental value due to its natural beauty and biodiversity.

The Surrey County Council’s Biodiversity Action Plan highlights efforts to protect and enhance this area’s environmental worth, ensuring its conservation for future generations.

One of the key measures in place is the preservation of habitats, such as *wetlands*, which provide essential ecosystem services, including water filtration and wildlife support.

The area is also home to a variety of flora and fauna, with many species of plants and animals dependent on this site for survival.

These plant and animal species include numerous species of *migratory birds*, such as the *marsh harrier* and *bittern*, which rely on the area’s wetlands and grasslands for breeding and migration.

The Surrey County Council’s Biodiversity Action Plan also addresses the importance of maintaining open spaces, including *grassland* habitats, which support a range of plant and animal species.

Efforts are being made to protect these areas from development, ensuring that their natural beauty is preserved for future generations.

The plan also focuses on improving access and recreational opportunities in the area, promoting awareness and appreciation of the site’s environmental significance among local residents.

By implementing measures to preserve its natural beauty, the Surrey County Council is working to maintain the area’s *biodiversity* and protect it from human impact.

This includes initiatives to restore habitats, improve water quality, and reduce pollution, ensuring that the site remains a valuable and intact ecosystem.

The long-term goal of these efforts is to create a more sustainable and environmentally-friendly landscape in and around West Horsley, promoting ecological balance and reducing human impact on the environment.

By working together, local residents, organizations, and authorities can help ensure that this special site continues to thrive, supporting a wide range of plant and animal species for generations to come.

The Surrey County Council’s Biodiversity Action Plan demonstrates a commitment to protecting the environmental significance of the area, ensuring its natural beauty is preserved for future generations to enjoy.

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